ELECTRONIC CATALYTIC CONVERTOR MEANS:                  

A pre-engine/pre ignition device used to control the exhaust emissions through combustion kinetics change in all  internal combustion engines using diesel, bio-diesel, leaded ,unleaded petrol, kerosene, gaseous fuels, including blended/emulsified fuels and also used in the gas turbines and all external combustion equipments-boilers, furnaces, room heaters etc..

An open ended fuel passage cum nano wire wave guide for obstruction free fuel flow in the fuel system, a co-axial resonator made of nano structure/nano wire wave guide mechanisms for propagation and transmission of one or all waves-microwaves, photon emissions, sound waves, surface waves and other types of waves including electrostatic ion-cyclotron waves, Alfen waves, quantum waves in the presence of a transverse direct current electric field in a magnetized plasma through the wave guide and/or the resonator to excite the electrons of the fuel molecules when any of the waves are generated by a power source or by the 12V /24 V D.C battery of the vehicle /engine .

Are the "ELECTRONS" due to "RESONANT CAPTURE" doing "ENERGY CATALYSIS/PLASMA CATALYSIS" when the atoms and molecules of the fuels are electronically excited during their metastable state. Particles in electronically excited states do not directly participate in the act of chemical interaction but serve only as agents that transfer energy from the electron gas of the discharge plasma to the molecules to be activated, thereby facilitating the formation of activated states. The difference from ordinary catalysis consists in the attainment of higher equilibrium (equilibrium-stationary) concentrations of the reaction products under the action of energy catalysts. In energy catalysis, it is not always necessary for the atoms and molecules to play the role. The analogous function can also be fulfilled by the electronically excited states of the reaction participants themselves which transfer energy by means of collisions of the second kind to similar molecules or to the molecules of the other participants of the reaction as in the synthesis of ammonia. In other words, collisions of the second kind, and also by other means, there may appear molecules in a state of close dissociation i.e. at high levels of vibrational excitation making them chemically active.

ELECTRONIC EXCITATION IMPROVE FUEL QUALITY, CHANGE PROPERTIES AND KINETICS OF BURNING FOR A CLEAN COMBUSTION:

The heat capacity values Cp and Cv change with internal rotations and torsional modes of the molecules under excited conditions making changes to the ratio of specific heats which influence any heat engine's cycle of operation. Further, the fuel is partly ionized and REFORMULATED with changes in volatile fraction volumes and altered molecular structure. The charge distributions alter the rotational energy, vibrational energy, translational energy and electronic motions that contribute to the total molecular energy level of the fuel. The charge distributions contribute to new chemical effects altering the kinetics of the combustion process. The HYDROGENOLYSIS by the metastable hydrogen under excited conditions reacts with the low concentration sulfur in parts per millions to form oxides of sulfur and adsorbtion of sulfur in the metal semiconductor layer serving as a further catalyst for oxidizing the fuel on board the vehicle or inline at an economical cost avoiding costlier refinery processes for fuel quality improvements.

CONTROL OF COMBUSTION PROCESSES BY SELECTIVE EXCITATION OF INTERNAL DEGREES OF FREEDOM OF THE REACTING MOLECULES:

The additional production of atoms/radicals at the initial moment can significantly decrease the "Ignition Delay". On the other hand atoms and radicals can influence significantly the "Kinetics of Combustion".

ENGINE PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTS:

                  INPUT                                PLASMA                              OUTPUT

PLASMA FORMATION WITHIN EXCITED WAVE GUIDE

                 CHARGE SEPARATION, ELECTRONS, IONS ACCELERATION   AND QUANTUM WAVES PROPAGATION

HEAT CAPACITY- Cp CHANGE FOR VARIOUS INTERNAL ROTATION OF MOLECULES DURING EXCITATION AT VARIOUS  TEMPERATURES

HEAT CAPACITY-Cv CHANGE FOR VARIOUS TORSIONAL MODES OF MOLECULES DURING EXCITATION AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES

HYDRODRIVE'S FIELD RESULTS ARE NOW SUPPORTED BY RESEARCH CONFIRMATIONS:

Combustion research facility of the U.S.Govt's -Sandia National Laboratory, Livermore, California have confirmed that early injection advance totally changes the combustion kinetics and offer less NOx and soot free exhaust and is more beneficial.

As an APPRECIATION OF THE RESEARCH WORK done by the researchers and to facilitate all engines/vehicle manufacturers, leading fuel system manufacturers to make use of the early injection concept now made a reality and workable through the use of the patented (rights protected in several countries) HYDRODRIVE's ELECTRONIC CATALYTIC CONVERTOR cum ONBOARD ALL FUEL SYNTHESIZER, we give below their research findings:

COMBUSTION RESEARCH FACILITY-SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORY CONFIRMATION.htm 

CONCEPT GET CONFIRMATIONS THROUGH RESEARCH PAPERS PUBLISHED BY SEVERAL RESEARCHERS IN THE INTERNATIONAL COMBUSTION MEETINGS, NUCLEAR FUSION MEETINGS, PLASMA DYNAMICS AND LASER CONFERENCE SEVERAL YEARS AFTER THE FILING OF THE PATENT APPLICATION:

Sergey O Macheret, Mikhail N Shneider,Richard B Miles ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF PLASMA ASSISTED COMBUSTION IN RAM/SCRAMJET ENGINES.36th  American Institute Of Aeronautics And Astronautics-Plasmadynamics and Laser Conference,Toronto,Ontario,Canada.6-9 June 2005

Molecular dynamics 

a normal alkane fuel molecule approaching and attaching to the stepped 110 surface of a normal n-heptadecane alkane.

(ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TO Dr. Steven Zabarnick'S RESEARCH )

   LIQUID JET INJECTION WITH                      CHARGED DOWN STREAM

   VAPORIZATION                                              DROPLET BREAK UP DUE 

                                                                               TO COULOMB  

                                                                               REPULSIVE FORCE.

                                                                       ADVANTAGES

ELECTRONIC CATALYTIC CONVERTOR	EXHAUST CATALYTIC CONVERTOR
Pre-engine/Pre-ignition Convertor . Cleans the combustion process.	Exhaust convertor. Cleans the unburnt exhaust gases.
Improves fuel properties for better combustion.	Does not improve fuel properties.
Works with all fuels.	Does not work with leaded petrol. Different catalysts for different fuels. Sulfur sensitive.
Decarbonaizes engine combustion chamber.	Does not decarbonaize engine combustion chamber.
Reduces engine noise and improves engine smoothness.	Does not reduce engine noise and engine smoothness.
Enhances fuel economy in actual driving conditions.	Does not enhance fuel economy.
Works on Microwave electronics, Plasma Chemistry.	Works on chemical oxidation and reduction principle.
No noble metal substrates or chemicals used.	Noble metal substrates or chemicals are used.
Engine pick up improves. No back pressure to engine.	Back pressure due to exhaust configuration.
Same size for all fuels and engines of any cubic capacity.	Different sizes for different engine cubic capacity.
Slow speed driving range in top gear enhanced.	Does not enhance slow speed driving range.
Economical and easier retrofit. Fitted within an hour.	Costlier. Fitment needs exhaust pipe cutting and welding
Powered by 12V D.C. vehicle's battery. With 24V battery, a 24 V DC-12 V DC convertor is required.	No power supply required unless heated catalysts are used or regeneration is required.
No warn up time required.	Warm up time required for catalysts during cold starting.
Reformulates fuel to increased Octane and Cetane value	Does not improve fuel quality